Xudayar Tesnifi: The Song of Patriotism and Sacrifice
If you are interested in Azerbaijani culture and history, you may have heard of a song called Xudayar Tesnifi. This song is not just a beautiful piece of music, but also a powerful expression of patriotism and sacrifice. In this article, we will explore the origin, meaning, and significance of Xudayar Tesnifi, and how it became a symbol of the Karabakh war.
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What is Xudayar Tesnifi?
Xudayar Tesnifi is a traditional Azerbaijani song that belongs to the genre of tesnif. Tesnif is a type of lyrical song that is usually accompanied by a musical instrument such as tar, saz, or kamancha. Tesnif songs often have themes such as love, longing, sorrow, or joy.
The origin and meaning of the song
The lyrics of Xudayar Tesnifi are based on a poem by Əliağa Vahid, a famous Azerbaijani poet who lived in the 20th century. According to some sources, Əliağa Vahid wrote the poem while he was traveling on a boat on the Terek river. He felt homesick and nostalgic for his homeland, and expressed his feelings in these verses:
Dumanlı dağların başında durdum,
Dumandan özümə bir xeymə qurdum,
Keçdi xəyalımdan öz gözəl yurdum,
Dumanlar başımda duman göründü.
The translation is:
I stood on top of the misty mountains,
I made myself a tent from the smoke,
I saw my beautiful homeland in my imagination,
The smoke on my head looked like smoke.
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The poem continues with four more stanzas, each ending with the refrain "Vətən yaxşıdır", which means "The homeland is good". The poem praises the natural beauty and charm of Azerbaijan, and expresses the love and pride for the country.
The composer and the poet of the song
The poem was turned into a song by Əlibaba Məmmədov, a renowned Azerbaijani singer who specialized in mugham, a traditional form of folk music. Əlibaba Məmmədov composed the melody for the poem in 1960, and became the first performer of the song. He changed one word in the poem: he replaced "Terek" with "Xəzər", which is the Azerbaijani name for the Caspian Sea. He also named the song after himself: "Xudayar" is his nickname.
Əlibaba Məmmədov wrote the song in Shur mode, which is one of the main modes of mugham music. Shur mode is characterized by its emotional intensity and expressiveness. It can convey various moods such as sadness, joy, or passion. Əlibaba Məmmədov said that he wrote the song in Shur mode because it suited his voice and style. The popularity and influence of the song
Xudayar Tesnifi became a popular and beloved song among the Azerbaijani people. Many other singers performed the song, such as Alim Qasimov, Zeynab Khanlarova, and Faiq Ağayev. The song also influenced other artists and genres. For example, the famous Azerbaijani composer Fikret Amirov used the melody of Xudayar Tesnifi in his symphonic mugham "Shur". The song also inspired some rock and rap versions, such as the one by the band Dəli Pəncərə.
Xudayar Tesnifi is not only a song, but also a cultural phenomenon. The song represents the identity and values of the Azerbaijani people. It expresses their love for their homeland, their respect for their history and traditions, and their hope for their future. The song also reflects the diversity and richness of the Azerbaijani culture, as it combines elements from different musical genres and styles.
How did Xudayar Tesnifi become a symbol of the Karabakh war?
The Karabakh war was a conflict that took place between 1988 and 1994, and again in 2020, between Azerbaijan and Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. The region is internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan, but was occupied by Armenian forces during the first war. The second war resulted in the liberation of most of the occupied territories by Azerbaijan.
During the Karabakh war, Xudayar Tesnifi became a symbol of patriotism and sacrifice for the Azerbaijani people. The song was sung by many soldiers and civilians who participated in or supported the war effort. The song also became associated with a specific person: Xudayar Yusifzade, a young soldier who sang the song before he was martyred in the war.
The story of Xudayar Yusifzade, the martyr who sang the song
Xudayar Yusifzade was born in 1999 in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. He was a talented student who studied at the Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University. He was also passionate about music and singing. He learned to play several musical instruments, such as guitar, piano, and saz. He also participated in various musical competitions and festivals.
In 2020, when the second Karabakh war broke out, Xudayar Yusifzade decided to join the army and defend his homeland. He volunteered to serve in the special forces unit called "Yashma". He fought bravely in several battles, such as the ones in Fuzuli, Jabrayil, Zangilan, and Gubadli districts. He was awarded with medals and honors for his courage and heroism.
On October 25, 2020, Xudayar Yusifzade was killed in action during a combat operation in Gubadli district. He was only 21 years old. He was buried with full military honors in Baku. The viral video of Xudayar Yusifzade singing the song
One of the reasons why Xudayar Tesnifi became a symbol of the Karabakh war was a video that went viral on social media. The video showed Xudayar Yusifzade singing the song in front of his fellow soldiers, while holding a saz in his hands. He sang with a clear and confident voice, and with a smile on his face. He also added some improvisations and variations to the original melody and lyrics.
The video was recorded by one of his friends, who later shared it online. The video quickly spread among the Azerbaijani people, who were moved and inspired by Xudayar Yusifzade's performance. The video also reached the international audience, who praised his talent and courage. The video became a source of pride and motivation for the Azerbaijani people, who saw in Xudayar Yusifzade a symbol of their youth and spirit.
The reactions and tributes to Xudayar Yusifzade and his song
After Xudayar Yusifzade's martyrdom, many people expressed their condolences and gratitude to him and his family. The President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, personally called his father and offered his sympathy and support. He also awarded Xudayar Yusifzade with the title of "National Hero of Azerbaijan", the highest honor in the country.
Many other people paid tribute to Xudayar Yusifzade and his song in various ways. Some of them visited his grave and laid flowers and flags. Some of them wrote poems and songs in his memory. Some of them named their children or streets after him. Some of them organized concerts and events to celebrate his life and legacy.
One of the most notable tributes was made by Əlibaba Məmmədov, the composer of Xudayar Tesnifi. He recorded a new version of the song, dedicated to Xudayar Yusifzade. He also invited Xudayar Yusifzade's father to join him in singing the song. The video of their duet was posted online, and received millions of views and comments.
Why is Xudayar Tesnifi important for Azerbaijan?
Xudayar Tesnifi is more than just a song for Azerbaijan. It is a manifestation of the national identity and values of the Azerbaijani people. It is a testament to their love and devotion for their homeland, their courage and resilience in the face of adversity, and their honor and memory for their martyrs.
The song reflects the love and devotion for the homeland
The lyrics of Xudayar Tesnifi describe the beauty and charm of Azerbaijan, from its mountains and rivers to its flowers and fruits. The song also expresses the longing and nostalgia for the homeland, especially when it is far away or under threat. The song shows that the homeland is not just a place, but a feeling, a dream, and a destiny.
The refrain of the song, "Vətən yaxşıdır", which means "The homeland is good", is a simple but powerful statement. It conveys the appreciation and gratitude for the homeland, regardless of its circumstances or challenges. It also implies a commitment and responsibility to protect and serve the homeland, no matter what it takes.
The song inspires courage and resilience in the face of adversity
The melody of Xudayar Tesnifi is based on Shur mode, which is one of the main modes of mugham music. Shur mode is characterized by its emotional intensity and expressiveness. It can convey various moods such as sadness, joy, or passion.
The song uses Shur mode to create a contrast between the sorrowful verses and the joyful refrain. The verses reflect the pain and suffering caused by the war, while the refrain reflects the hope and optimism for the victory. The song also uses some improvisations and variations to add some dynamism and creativity to the performance.
The song demonstrates that even in the darkest times, there is always a light at the end of the tunnel. The song encourages the listeners to overcome their fears and doubts, and to fight for their rights and dignity. The song also reminds them that they are not alone, but part of a larger community that shares their values and goals. The song honors the memory and legacy of the martyrs
The song is named after Xudayar Yusifzade, a young soldier who sang the song before he was martyred in the Karabakh war. He was one of the thousands of Azerbaijani martyrs who gave their lives for the liberation of their homeland. The song pays tribute to their bravery and sacrifice, and to their families and loved ones who endured their loss.
The song also preserves the memory and legacy of the martyrs for the future generations. The song teaches them about the history and culture of their country, and about the values and principles that their ancestors fought for. The song also motivates them to follow their example, and to contribute to the development and prosperity of their country.
Conclusion
Xudayar Tesnifi is a song that has a special place in the hearts and minds of the Azerbaijani people. It is a song that celebrates their homeland, inspires their courage, and honors their martyrs. It is a song that reflects their identity and values, and that connects them with their past and future. It is a song that is not only a song, but a symbol of patriotism and sacrifice.
If you want to learn more about Xudayar Tesnifi, you can listen to the original version by Əlibaba Məmmədov, or to the tribute version by him and Xudayar Yusifzade's father. You can also watch the video of Xudayar Yusifzade singing the song in front of his fellow soldiers, or read some of the poems and articles written in his memory. You can also visit his grave in Baku, or some of the places that are named after him.
But most importantly, you can listen to the message of the song, and appreciate the beauty and charm of Azerbaijan, the courage and resilience of its people, and the memory and legacy of its martyrs. You can also share the song with your friends and family, and spread the word about this amazing song that is Xudayar Tesnifi.
FAQs
What does Xudayar Tesnifi mean?
Xudayar Tesnifi means "Xudayar's Song". Xudayar is the nickname of Əlibaba Məmmədov, the composer of the song. Tesnifi is a type of lyrical song that is usually accompanied by a musical instrument.
Who wrote the lyrics of Xudayar Tesnifi?
The lyrics of Xudayar Tesnifi are based on a poem by Əliağa Vahid, a famous Azerbaijani poet who lived in the 20th century. He wrote the poem while he was traveling on a boat on the Terek river.
What mode is Xudayar Tesnifi based on?
Xudayar Tesnifi is based on Shur mode, which is one of the main modes of mugham music. Shur mode is characterized by its emotional intensity and expressiveness. It can convey various moods such as sadness, joy, or passion.
Who was Xudayar Yusifzade?
Xudayar Yusifzade was a young soldier who sang Xudayar Tesnifi before he was martyred in the Karabakh war in 2020. He was a talented student and musician who volunteered to join the army and defend his homeland. He was awarded with medals and honors for his courage and heroism.
How did Xudayar Tesnifi become a symbol of the Karabakh war?
Xudayar Tesnifi became a symbol of patriotism and sacrifice for the Azerbaijani people during the Karabakh war. The song was sung by many soldiers and civilians who participated in or supported the war effort. The song also became associated with Xudayar Yusifzade, who sang the song in front of his fellow soldiers before he was killed in action. 44f88ac181
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